The high-performance, low-power Atmel AVR RISC-based CMOS 8-bit microcontroller combines 8KB ISP flash memory, 512B EEPROM, 512-Byte SRAM, 16 general purpose I/O lines, 32 general purpose working registers, one 8-bit timer/counter with compare modes, one 8-bit high-speed timer/counter, a universal serial interface (USI), a LIN controller, internal and external Interrupts, a 11-channel 10-bit A/D converter, programmable watchdog timer with internal oscillator, and three software selectable power saving modes. By executing powerful instructions in a single clock cycle, the device achieves throughputs approaching 1 MIPS per MHz, balancing power consumption and processing speed.